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The forest is dense, evergreen or semi evergreen. There are two vegetation layers: a bottom layer at altitudes of between 950 and 1,000 m. and a mountain layer over hanging the lower layer. This layer includes: umbrophilic, mesophilic, semi-xerophile swampy, riparian and gallery forests. They include important species suchas: Niangon, lovoa, entandrophragmas, Dabema, Khaya, liroko, makoré, mamea, Bako, Popo, etc.…The reserve hosts 1306 species of plants, of which 654 are trees, bushes, lianas and 62 grasses (PGRR 1999).According to PROGESFOR (1991-1994) Ziama includes 124 species of mammals, among them: elephants, monkeys, buffalos, dwarf hippopotamus, chimpanzees, ungulates and carnivorous animals.There are also 31 species of bats, 36 species of rodents, 286 species of birds out of the 347 species present in the Region, 54 species of reptiles (41 species of serpents, 10 lizards, 2 tortoises, 1 crocodile) and 30 species of batrachians.Ziama forest is a refuge for several rare, vulnerable and threatened species. It is home to 22 species of mammals protected under CITES. In addition, the forest is one of the most important habitats for endemic species of the large upper Guinean forest block, between Sierra Leone, Liberia and Côte d’Ivoire.