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This is the third assessment of progress towards the national targets that countries have set for eight benchmark indicators, marking their contribution towards SDG 4. The assessment covers the period since 2015 and reviews the probability that each country will achieve its 2025 benchmark or – when such a benchmark was not set – the value they would have achieved if they had progressed at the historic (2000–15) rate of the fastest improving 25% of countries. Overall, 80% of countries have contributed national targets for at least one indicator

Countries are furthest behind from their 2025 national targets in training teachers (off track by 7 percentage points in pre‑primary education), expanding early childhood education participation (off track by 9 percentage points, a likely impact of COVID‑19) and achieving minimum proficiency in reading by the end of primary (off track by 11 percentage points and hampered by a lack of data). Countries are moving backwards in terms of public education spending; levels were further away from the twin thresholds of 4% of gross domestic product and 15% of total public expenditure in 2023 than they were in 2015.

The focuses on the out‑of‑school rate, providing a global update that uses the latest and upward adjusted UN population projections. It is estimated that the This is most certainly an undercount, as external information from the 10 countries most affected by conflict suggests there are at least 13 million more children, adolescents and youth out of school, notably in Myanmar, Somalia and Sudan.