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Strengthening Investigative Journalism and Whistleblower Protection mechanisms in Eastern Africa
Strengthening Investigative Journalism and Whistleblower Protection mechanisms in Eastern Africa
In a significant move to strengthen investigative journalism and enhance whistleblower protection in Eastern Africa in the fight against corruption, UNESCO participated in a high-level regional workshop held in Mombasa from 3 to 5 December 2024. It aimed to address the pressing need for enhanced media freedom and accountability in the face of increasing challenges, particularly for journalists and whistleblowers in Eastern Africa. This event was organized by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Africa Uncensored, and the Platform to Protect Whistleblowers in Africa (PLAFF), bringing together journalists, experts, and advocates the workshop provided a platform for discussion of crucial issues related to corruption, media freedom, and whistleblower protection from across Eastern Africa.
“T United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) contains several measures relevant for investigative journalism. It requests States Parties to introduce measures promoting society's participation in the fight against corruption, promotes transparency and accountability of public institutions, requires the establishment of Beneficial Ownership registries, and importantly, mandates the protection of whistleblowers. UNODC supports the implementation of the Convention in the region and stands ready to work with journalists to enhance their capacity for effective investigations and cooperation with law enforcement authorities”. Said Francesco Checchi - Team Lead, Africa Anti-Corruption Hub, UNODC
The discussions centered on the evolving role of investigative journalism in holding power to account, combatting corruption, and promoting democratic governance in the region. During a panel discussion on Access to Information UNESCO underscored its commitment towards a free, independent and pluralistic journalism to fight corruption.
Obstacles to Truth: Challenges facing Investigative Journalism in East Africa
Investigative journalism in East Africa faces significant obstacles, including threats, violence, and harassment against journalists and whistleblowers, particularly when covering corruption or human rights abuses. Financial constraints have also weakened media outlets, limiting their capacity for in depth investigations.
The rise of sensationalized digital content further undermines public trust in traditional journalism. Legal and structural barriers, such as inadequate public funding for independent media and limited cross border collaborations, have exacerbated these challenges. Additionally, the proliferation of the spread of misinformation on digital platforms further complicates the public to discern fact from fiction.
Opportunities to Strengthen Investigative Journalism
Despite these challenges, the workshop also highlighted key opportunities to strengthen the region’s investigative journalism landscape. These include:
- Regional Collaboration. Initiatives like the Ukweli Coalition and cross-border partnerships provide a framework for journalists to collaborate on high-stakes investigations, pooling resources and sharing insights to tackle regional challenges.
- Leveraging Digital Tools. Digital platforms present an opportunity to reach wider audiences, while investment in advanced training on AI and data journalism can enable journalists to conduct more in-depth and sophisticated investigations.
- Capacity Building. Tailored training programs, including hostile environment training and mentorship schemes, are essential to enhancing for equipping journalists with skills and resilience needed to navigate complex challenges in Eastern Africa.
UNESCO’s Role in Advancing Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists
As a global advocate of media freedoms and access to information, UNESCO ensures that journalists work freely and without fear.
“91鶹Ʒ been promoting information as a public good, advancing universal access, and freedom of expression since its foundation 1945. Our latest Issue Brief Journalism for Development The role of journalism in promoting democracy, political accountability and sustainable development clearly articulates the importance of a free, independent and pluralistic journalism to fight corruption," said Aakriti Kharel, Communication Officer for DigiKen at the UNESCO Regional Office for Eastern Africa.
Workshop Outcomes: Concrete Steps Forward
The workshop concluded with a series of concrete recommendations to strengthen investigative journalism and whistleblower protection in Eastern Africa. They include:
- Urgent need to update Access to Information (ATI) laws and the creation of robust national frameworks for protection of whistleblowers in Eastern Africa;
- Public funding for independent media outlets and foster partnerships with the private sector to provide essential resources to support investigative journalism;
- Preparation of comprehensive protocols to protect journalists, including physical, online threats and psychological support;
- Establishment of a regional network and secretariat to coordinate efforts, share knowledge, and tackle challenges related to funding, training, and safety.
Looking Ahead: UNESCO’s Continued Commitment
UNESCO’s involvement in this workshop underscores its continued support, efforts, and mandate towards advance media freedom and safety of journalists in Eastern Africa countries. It will continue to collaborate with other regional stakeholders to explore novel mechanisms aimed at reinforcing press freedom, protecting whistleblowers, and enhancing the viability of investigative journalism across the region.
