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The Colony section of the Old Central Archive of Cauca gives an account of the political and judicial administration that the Spanish empire exercised in the then governorate of Popayán, a territorial division created in 1540 by Emperor Charles V. This political-administrative entity covered approximately 70% of the current Colombian national territory and had the city of Popayán as its capital, where judicial, civil, ecclesiastical and military matters, among others, were dealt with, resulting in a rich documentary collection.

The Colony section is an input of great value for the study of the colonial period in the American territories since it allows us to know the political, administrative and judicial apparatus that the Spanish empire created in its overseas territories. The documentary supports that make up the Colonia section are manuscripts made on rag paper, mostly with different ferrogallic inks and with different scripts such as chained procedural and courtesan, which give an account of the history and development of writing in America during the colonial period. .