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These are two handwritten cartographic documents by Miguel Antônio Ciera: "Mappa geographicum quo flumen Argentum, Paranà et Paraguay..." from 1758 and the 1772 "Tabula nova, atque accurata Americae Australis..." map. Both documents show the border demarcation between the dominions of the Spanish and Portuguese crowns in the southern region of South America, established in the Treaty of Madrid of 1750. Ciera took part in the third party of the Commission for the demarcation of Portuguese borders in the southern region, whose aim was to demarcate the territory from the Igurey River, up its course to the Paraguay River until reaching the banks of the Jauru. The work began in 1753, establishing a boundary at the confluence of the Jauru and the Paraguay rivers in 1754. Ciera and his companions returned to Asunción, explored the Iguatemi River and continued as far as the Aguaray, concluding their work in 1755. In addition to the geographical description, both documents show the region's characteristic landscapes for the first time, including the Jesuit missions, as well as the iconography of the garments and animals.