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This document is unique in its kind: the primary and official source of the War of the Pacific, evidence of the events that occurred from April 1879 to May 1880 during the war between Bolivia and Peru and Chile. It was written by the lawyer and journalist José Vicente Ochoa, appointed war chronicler, with special permission to write on a confidential basis, by order of the President of Bolivia, Hilarión Daza. (Neither Peru nor Chile named official chroniclers). The account of the war describes the most relevant events of the Bolivian and Peruvian Army in Tacna as well as the excesses committed by the Chilean army. The writer expresses great admiration for Miguel Grau, Andrés Avelino Cáceres and other Peruvian heroes. 

The Diary recounts and transcribes other war topics such as reports of the combats sustained in the naval campaign and the battle of Tarapacá. It provides valuable information regarding the political-military aspect of Bolivia during the war and episodes of the uprisings of Bolivian officers against General Daza, who was, for many, responsible for abandoning the allied army to its fate in Tarapacá, and for others, a traitor to Bolivia and Peru. It also reports curious facts, such as that three Bolivian battalions were sent from Tacna to Arica only to see the sea for the first time, or the rumours of romantic rivalry between Peruvian military officers Lizardo Montero and Cesar Canevaro.